住宅市場訊息開放對搜尋效率之影響— 資料包絡分析法之應用Effects of Real Estate Information Opening on the Homebuyer’s Search Efficiency - The Application of Data Envelopment Analysis

本文利用二階段資料包絡分析方法，探討住宅市場訊息開放對搜尋效率的影響，以及影響完全訊息開放對搜尋效率的因素。本文第一階段先以產出導向的CCR模型估計完全訊息效率指標，並以拔靴法建構完全訊息效率指標的95%信賴區間，藉以證實開放訊息確實有助於提升購屋者搜尋效率；而第二階段採用對稱截斷最小平方法模型，探討完全訊息開放對搜尋效率之影響因素。其實證結果顯示購屋者的個人特性(如：年齡、性別、教育程度、家庭月所得)、購屋目的、知覺風險、財務與時間壓力以及搜尋管道(如：搜尋管道數量、人員銷售)等，為影響完全訊息開放，對搜尋效率高低的主要因素。本研究的政策面貢獻在於證實住宅市場資訊開放，確實有其必要性，且讓有意提供購屋訊息服務的業者，作為尋找利基市場之參考。

關鍵詞：市場訊息、購屋搜尋、資料包絡分析法、完全訊息效率指標

This study utilizes the two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method to explore the impact of market information opening on searching efficiency, and some factors influencing full market information opening on searching efficiency in the real estate market. In the first stage, we estimate the full information indices based on the output-oriented CCR model, and 95% confidence intervals of these indices were constructed to justify that full market information opening can increase searching efficiency for house buyers. In the second stage, the symmetrically-trimmed least squares (STLS) model was used to investigate factors influencing the searching efficiency due to full market information opening. The empirical results show that personal characteristics (such as age, sex, education, household monthly income), purpose of house purchase, perceived risks, financial and time pressure, and search channels (such as the number of channels and face-to-face sales) are significant factors influencing the searching efficiency due to full market information opening. The study makes a contribution to housing policy in terms of verifying the importance of full market information opening in the real estate market, and providing information for the providers of housing information services to find their niche markets.

Key words: market information, homebuyer’s search, DEA model, full information efficiency index