高速鐵路的時空效應對房屋價格的影響— 以高雄市為例Spatial and Temporal Effects of High-speed Rail on House Prices – The Case of Kaohsiung City

本文針對交通運輸對房地產價值的影響，提供一個實證的分析。研究的主要目的在於闡述交通運輸的存在對於周邊房地產價值在時間與空間路徑上的變化，了解房屋與高速鐵路的距離及高速鐵路在完成時效上對於房價的影響。先前的研究已針對交通可及性的空間分布或是時間效應對於房地產及土地價值的影響，時間與空間對於房屋價格的二維影響尚未被有系統性的研究。我們使用高雄市在高速鐵路完成時期前後的房屋交易數據，並結合特徵價格法與spline迴歸分析探究房價隨時間與空間二維度的非線性變化。透過空間插值技術-克利金，有效處理空間相關性問題，合理分析房價之動態轉變。最後，本文總結分析在不同距離與時間條件下，追蹤房屋價格對於高鐵影響的變化。

關鍵詞: 房屋價格、時空效應、spline迴歸、高速鐵路、克利金

This paper presents an analysis of empirical studies on the effects of transportation facilities on property values. The primary purpose of this study is to address the effects of the presence of transportation facilities on the value of surrounding properties under time and spatial domains. Both the effect of distance from the High-speed Rail (HSR) and the effect of time relative to the completion of the HSR segment contribute to the non-linearity of house prices. While previous studies of the effects of transport accessibility on property and land values have focused on either cross-sectional spatial or temporal patterns, the joint analysis of these two dimensions has not been systematically investigated. We use home transaction data from a period around the completion of the HSR in Kaohsiung City and combine a standard hedonic price model with a spline regression technique to verify non-linear variations of the effect along the temporal and spatial dimensions. The dynamic changes in the house price are analyzed by spatial interpolation techniques (Kriging), which benefit from explicitly dealing with spatial dependence effects. Finally, we estimate the model for a regular series of distances from the HSR, and for time points both before and after the opening of the rail in order to track price effects across various distances and over time.

Key words: house prices, temporal and spatial effects, spline regression, High-speed Rail, Kriging